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A quick and easy reference to help understand Bipolar Disorder James Witschner and Marcia Rose
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LAMICTAL (lamotrigine) This is an anticonvulsant medication
currently used to treat epilepsy, has antidepressant activity
in patients with bipolar depression. Side effect includes
nausea, rash, pain and dizziness. Discontinue at the first
sign of rash, unless the rash is clearly not drug-related.
LEXAPRO
(escitalopram) This is a selective serotonin reuptake inhibitor
(SSRE) used to treat depression and generalized anxiety disorder.
It works by helping to restore the balance of certain natural
chemicals in the brain.Side effects are nausea, diarrhea,
constipation, and loss of appetite, stomach pain, dizziness,
drowsiness, trouble sleeping, and fatigue, increase sweating.
Serious side effects are changes in sexual ability, unusual
or severe mental mood changes, black stools, coffee ground
vomit, easy bruising/bleeding.
LITHIUM
CARBONATE This is used in the treatment of manic
episodes of bipolar affective disorder. Unlike other anti-manic
medications, lithium does not have any general sedative properties.
The mechanism of how lithium controls manic episodes and influences
affective disorders is not known. There is evidence, however,
that the fluid and electrolyte metabolisms are believed to
be altered in affective disorders and this may be related
to or corrected by the therapeutic action of lithium. The
therapy of this drug requires reaching certain blood concentrations
that are relatively close to toxic levels. People on lithium
must have their blood level assessments checked regularly
to keep a balance between the therapeutic and the toxic levels.
About ten percent of people taking lithium on a long-term
basis may also need supplemental thyroid medication. Primarily
the kidneys pass lithium and an adequate fluid intake is essential
to avoid accumulation and toxic levels. Some general side
affects of this medication are fine hand tremors, mild thirst,
mild nausea and weight gain or loss. Some of the signs of
being toxic are: increased disorientation, muscle twitching,
seizures, diarrhea, vomiting and eventually coma and death.
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